U.S. President Trump’s tariffs have sparked a global trade clash, with China, the EU, and others retaliating. Here’s how the world is countering his tariff moves.

UNITED STATES  

• March 4: Announced 25% tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico, and raised tariffs on Chinese goods from 10% to 20%, citing trade imbalances and security concerns (fentanyl, immigration). 
• April 2: Imposed a 10% baseline tariff on all imports, with exemptions for USMCA-compliant goods from Canada and Mexico paused until May 2. 
• April 9: Escalated tariffs to 104% on Chinese goods and 20% on EU goods, with the baseline 10% tariff applying universally.

CHINA 

• March 10: Imposed 10-15% retaliatory tariffs on U.S. agricultural goods (chicken, wheat, corn, cotton, soybeans, pork, beef, etc.), affecting $21 billion in U.S. exports. 
• April 4: Raised tariffs to 34% on all U.S. imports in response to the U.S. April 2 tariffs, alongside export controls on rare earths and critical minerals (tungsten, molybdenum). 
• April 10: Increased tariffs to 84% on select U.S. goods after the U.S. 104% tariff hike, banned 15 U.S. defense firms from dual-use imports, and added 10 firms to its Unreliable Entity List.

CANADA 

• March 12: Imposed 25% tariffs on $20.6 billion in U.S. goods (steel, aluminum, etc.) and later announced $87 billion more starting March 24, paused after U.S. tariff delays. 
• April 9: Responded to the U.S. 25% tariff persistence with renewed threats of comprehensive retaliation, led by incoming PM Mark Carney, targeting U.S. autos and energy exports.

MEXICO 

• March 19: Signaled potential tariffs on U.S. corn and wheat but secured a one-month delay (until April 2) on U.S. 25% tariffs for USMCA-compliant goods after border security concessions. 
• April 5: Threatened countermeasures if U.S. tariffs persisted beyond April 2, with President Sheinbaum hinting at targeting key U.S. exports, though specifics remain pending.

EUROPEAN UNION 

• April 3: Imposed $23 billion in retaliatory tariffs on U.S. soybeans, almonds, and industrial goods in response to U.S. steel and aluminum tariffs escalating to 25%. 
• April 9: Approved 25% tariffs on U.S. imports (steel, bourbon, motorcycles), effective in two phases (April 15 and May 16), with a larger package planned by late April if negotiations fail.

BRAZIL 

• Opted for diplomacy over retaliation despite being a top U.S. steel supplier, seeking exemptions from the 25% steel tariffs rather than imposing countermeasures.

SOUTH KOREA 

• March 13: Sought exemptions from U.S. 25% steel and aluminum tariffs, entering “emergency response mode” but avoiding immediate retaliation, focusing on diversifying export markets.

JAPAN 

• April 3: Avoided retaliation against U.S. 24% reciprocal tariffs, pursuing negotiations and considering domestic stimulus to offset economic damage.

UNITED KINGDOM 

• March 12: Chose dialogue over retaliation against U.S. steel tariffs, aiming for a broader trade deal with the U.S. despite EU divergence, expressing “muted disappointment.”

INDIA 

• April 9: Preemptively cut tariffs to “near-zero” on some goods (e.g., motorcycles) to avoid U.S. 26% reciprocal tariffs, balancing negotiation with manufacturing competitiveness.

AUSTRALIA 

• April 2: Ruled out counter-levies against U.S. tariffs, with PM Albanese calling them “not the act of a friend,” prioritizing a coordinated ASEAN response over retaliation.

RUSSIA 

• No Direct Retaliation: Unaffected by U.S. tariffs thus far, poised to gain wheat market share in North Africa without imposing countermeasures.